Compare the costs and benefits of investing in an industrialized economy to the cost and benefits of investing in a developing economy from the standpoint of a Multinational Enterprises.

Before the 1980s, the only widely used renewable electricity engineering science was hydropower. Hydropower is still the most significant get-go of renewable verve, producing 20 per centum of the worlds electricity and 10 percent of that of the United States. The 1973 oil color crisis awoke the country to its vulnerability through dependence on remote oil. Subsequent changes in federal policy spurred the tuition of renewable technologies other than hydro. In 1978, relative passed the Public Utility Regulatory Policies motion (PURPA), which required utilities to barter for electricity from renewable generators and from co generators (which make believe feature heat and power, usually using natural gas) when it was slight all overpriced than electric utilities could generate themselves. (Gramlich, Edward M 1990) Some states, especially atomic number 20 and those in the Northeast, required utilities to sign contracts for renewable whenever electricity from those sour ces was pass judgment to be cheaper over the dour term than electricity from tralatitious sources. These states saw the largest renewable development under PURPA. However, because oil scathe projections were high and because utilities were planning dear(predicate) nuclear plants, these renewable contracts moody out to be expensive relative to the depressed dodo fuel prices of the 1990s. Nevertheless, under PURPA over 12,000 megawatts of non-hydro renewable generation substance came on line. This development enabled renewable technologies to develop commercially.

Wind turbine costs, for example, change magnitude by to a greater extent than 80 percent. Over the last five years, rene wable energy growth has been modest, averagi! ng less than 2 percent per year, principally because of the low cost of fossil fuels. In addition, the uncertainty nigh the deregulation of the utility industry largely froze investment in renewable, as utilities avoided new long-term investments. (Tator CH, Duncan EG, Edmonds VE, Lapczak LI, Andrews DF. 1993) Current levels of renewable development roleplay only a tiny fraction of what could be... If you want to tucker out a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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